What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you evaluating the efficiency ratings of new air conditioning and furnace systems? Or are you interested in knowing the rating on your existing HVAC unit. Either way, you can find the efficiency rating and estimated yearly operating costs by inspecting the yellow Energy Guide label along the side of the unit. We’d like to share some details about the different ratings you might read and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER stands for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a way of measuring air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating represents the cooling output of an air conditioner over a whole cooling season, divided by the volume of energy consumed within that time frame. A higher SEER rating means considerably better energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

Presently, the minimum SEER rating for recently manufactured air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an increase from the past minimum requirement of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This adjustment reflects the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) continuous efforts to lower energy consumption and climate-impacting emissions.

Lately, top-quality air conditioners tout ratings of 26 SEER or higher, providing amazing energy savings. But bear in mind, impressive SEER ratings usually come with a higher purchase cost. Which means you should consider both the initial financial investment and the potential for ongoing savings when choosing a new air conditioner.

What Is an EER Rating?

While SEER ratings are more well-known, AC systems have another efficiency metric you should be aware of. It’s referred to as EER, and it means Energy Efficiency Ratio. This rating suggests the efficiency of an cooling system under specific operating conditions. The EER rating enables you to understand how the system will keep up with demand on extreme summer days.

Currently, only the southwest region has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. Peak ratings top out at about 14 EER. Consider that SEER and EER for the most part correspond, with higher ratings indicating better overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps while in heating mode. HSPF is a proportion of the total heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) throughout the heating season to the volume of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating suggests a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, a boost from the previous minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By calling for higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE is making it more affordable long-term for Americans to use more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses across the U.S. You can always settle for the minimum, but you may want to invest in a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the greatest performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are yet another measure of heating system efficiency, but they apply to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a proportion of the annual heat output to the fuel consumed during that period. The greater the AFUE rating, the more efficient the furnace or boiler.

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces changed to 81. Prior to this, the southern regions had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the north required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. While you aren’t required to install anything above the minimum, you’ll cut back on your heating bills by opting for a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the ENERGY STAR program in the early 1990s to help homeowners and businesses identify the most energy-efficient products available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that have a minimum threshold of efficiency can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go above and beyond the minimum specifications to save energy and cut down on emissions without compromising performance or features. Additionally, you can look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which highlights the top performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is actually updating the qualification requisites given the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help determining which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is right for your budget, count on Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can review your situation and help you make an informed decision. We have a wide range of products from today’s most reliable brands, all of which achieve or surpass the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so convinced that you’ll be satisfied with our services that we provide a 100% satisfaction guarantee! For details or to schedule a complimentary HVAC installation quote, please contact a Service Experts office near you.